Article Feed - This Week in School Psychology

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Abstract

Knowledge sharing is an effective means of knowledge management in colleges and universities, which is of great significance for improving the quality and efficiency of universities and enhancing the balanced development of educational resources. The present study investigated the influence students' proactive personalities drive knowledge-sharing activities, and examined the significance of class climate and learning engagement as mediating factors, utilizing the perspectives of social exchange theory (SET) and the job demands and resources model (JD-R) .

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Title:
The influence of proactive personality on students' knowledge sharing: the chain mediating effect of class climate and learning engagement.

Author(s):
Lin Y; Jin Y; Yang R

Summary:
This study looked at how students' proactive personalities help them share knowledge at school. It also examined how class climate and learning engagement affect knowledge sharing.

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pubmed id: 39776972 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

The attractiveness of bad boys can be seen as a cultural phenomenon that can be found in different areas of society and art. In the media, too, the bad boy fulfills social expectations in terms of masculinity and is often portrayed as dominant, violent, hard, unemotional and aggressive. Women may feel attracted to this male dominance under certain conditions. In order to investigate this phenomenon in the field of media psychology, this study examined women's personality as predictor of romantic parasocial relationships (RPSR) with bad boys from movies or series, as well as feelings and experiences associated with such relationships. In an online questionnaire, 47 women were asked about specific personality traits, their RPSR with their favorite bad boy, and their perceived egocentric feelings and experiences associated with this RPSR. Both the love style ludus, which describes unattached playful love, and sensation seeking, which encompasses a woman's inclination towards new experiences and adventures, emerge as predictors of an RPSR to a bad boy. Furthermore, it was found that a woman's RPSR to a bad boy goes along with her retrospective imaginative involvement and sense of power. The findings show parallels to findings from social psychology that explain the attractiveness of bad boys in real relationships. Due to its correlative design, the study should be seen as a first step in the exploration of this media-psychological phenomenon, which will hopefully be followed by further studies with a stricter causality logic.

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Title:
The attraction of evil. An investigation of factors explaining women's romantic parasocial relationships with bad guys in movies and series.

Author(s):
Schramm H; Sartorius A

Summary:
Some people like "bad boys" in movies because they seem strong and tough. This study asked women about why they feel connected to these characters, and it found that women who enjoy fun love and new adventures tend to like these "bad boys" more.

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pubmed id: 39776969 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

This study investigates the acquisition of sentence focus in Russian by adult English-Russian bilinguals, while paying special attention to the relative contribution of constituent order and prosodic expression. It aims to understand how these factors influence perceived word-level prominence and focus assignment during listening. We present results of two listening tasks designed to examine the influence of pitch cues and constituent order on perceived word prominence (Experiment 1) and focus assignment (Experiment 2) during the auditory comprehension of SV[O] and OV[S] sentences in Russian. Our findings reveal an asymmetric pattern: monolingual speakers, as a baseline, tend to perceive the nuclear pitch-accented object as more prominent, particularly in the SVO order, whereas bilinguals appear to be less sensitive to the constituent order distinction. Additionally, baseline speakers consistently assign focus to the sentence-final nuclear pitch-accented noun regardless of constituent order. In contrast, bilinguals demonstrate a preference for assigning focus to the sentence-final nuclear-accented object, rather than the sentence-final nuclear-accented subject. A proficiency effect emerged indicative of a more target-like performance among bilinguals with greater proficiency in Russian.

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Title:
Acquisition of non-contrastive focus in Russian by adult English-dominant bilinguals.

Author(s):
Luchkina T; Ionin T; Goldshtein M

Summary:
The study looks at how people who speak both English and Russian understand important parts of sentences in Russian. It finds that people who only speak Russian notice sentence parts differently than bilingual people do. Bilinguals who are better at Russian understand these parts more like the native speakers.

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pubmed id: 39776967 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

With the popularity of the internet, cyberbullying has emerged as an increasingly serious social issue, particularly affecting college students' behavioral health. This study explores the relationship between perceived discrimination and cyberbullying, as well as the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of self-compassion (SC) in this relationship. Using a longitudinal design, data were collected from 892 Chinese college students (414 females, 478 males) in two waves spanning 1 year. The present study measured the compassionate self-responding (CS) and reduced uncompassionate self-responding (RUS) as the two dimensions of self-compassion. The study found that (1) perceived discrimination was significantly and positively correlated with cyberbullying ( = 0.085,  < 0.05); (2) self-esteem mediated the relationship between perceived discrimination and cyberbullying (Indirect effect = 0.010, SE = 0.004, Boot 95% CI [0.003, 0.019]); (3) RUS moderated both the direct relationship between perceived discrimination and cyberbullying ( = -0.045, SE = 0.019, 95% CI [-0.082, -0.008]) as well as the indirect relationship through self-esteem ( = -0.081, SE = 0.033, 95% CI [-0.146, -0.015]). Simple slope analysis revealed that college students with high RUS exhibited less cyberbullying when facing discrimination, while those low in RUS were more likely to engage in cyberbullying. The SC exhibited similar moderating effects, but CS did not demonstrate significant moderating effects in those relationships. This study sheds light on the complex interplay between perceived discrimination, self-esteem, self-compassion, and cyberbullying and offers novel insights into the psychological mechanisms underlying cyberbullying among college students. The findings underscore the importance of interventions aimed at enhancing self-esteem and fostering self-compassion, particularly by addressing uncompassionate self-responding, as a strategy to prevent cyberbullying among disadvantaged college students.

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Title:
Perceived discrimination as a predictor of cyberbullying: the mediating role of self-esteem and moderating role of self-compassion.

Author(s):
Li Q; Shang S; Du J; Wu J; Xiao S

Summary:
This study looked at how feeling discriminated against can lead to cyberbullying among college students, and how self-esteem and being kind to oneself can change this. The researchers found that students with higher self-esteem and more kindness towards themselves were less likely to bully online when they felt discriminated against. They suggest helping students build self-esteem and self-compassion to prevent cyberbullying.

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pubmed id: 39776965 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has emerged as a pressing concern among college students, with cumulative ecological risk identified as a crucial yet enigmatic contributor. To unravel its underlying mechanisms, we devised and validated a model that delves into the mediating roles of performance and learning goal orientations, as well as the moderating influence of psychological resilience. Our investigation encompassed 2011 Chinese college students spanning from freshmen to seniors, aged 16 to 25, utilizing comprehensive scales to assess various constructs. The findings revealed that both performance and learning goal orientations serve as pivotal mediators in the relationship between cumulative ecological risk and PSU. Furthermore, psychological resilience was found to moderate not only the direct link between cumulative ecological risk and PSU but also the indirect pathway through learning goal orientation. These insights underscore the practical significance of fostering healthy achievement goals and enhancing psychological resilience among college students, thereby mitigating the prevalence of PSU.

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Title:
Cumulative ecological risk and problematic smartphone use among Chinese college students: the roles of performance goal orientation, learning goal orientation and psychological resilience.

Author(s):
Guan J; Yu P; Liu C; Ma W

Summary:
Researchers found that college students' smartphone use can become a problem due to different risks they face. They discovered that the way students try to reach their goals and their ability to handle tough situations can influence this. Helping students set good goals and be more resilient can reduce smartphone overuse.

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pubmed id: 39776962 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

This study aims to explore various key factors influencing the academic performance of college students, including metacognitive awareness, learning motivation, participation in learning, environmental factors, time management, and mental health. By employing the chi-square test to identify features closely related to academic performance, this paper discussed the main influencing factors and utilized machine learning models (such as LOG, SVC, RFC, XGBoost) for prediction. Experimental results indicate that the XGBoost model performs the best in terms of recall and accuracy, providing a robust prediction for academic performance. Empirical analysis reveals that metacognitive awareness, learning motivation, and participation in learning are crucial factors influencing academic performance. Additionally, time management, environmental factors, and mental health are confirmed to have a significant impact on students' academic achievements. Furthermore, the positive influence of professional training on academic performance is validated, contributing to the integration of theoretical knowledge and practical application, enhancing students' overall comprehensive competence. The conclusions offer guidance for future educational management and guidance, emphasizing the importance of cultivating students' learning motivation, improving participation in learning, and addressing time management and mental health issues, as well as recognizing the positive role of professional training.

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Title:
Machine learning analysis of factors affecting college students' academic performance.

Author(s):
Lu J; Liu Y; Liu S; Yan Z; Zhao X; Zhang Y; Yang C; Zhang H; Su W; Zhao P

Summary:
This study looks at what affects how well college students do in school. It found that things like being aware of how you learn, wanting to learn, joining in learning activities, managing time, and feeling good mentally are important. They also found that good training helps students learn better.

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pubmed id: 39764083 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

Sense of body ownership has been studied using rubber hand illusion (RHI) and full-body illusion (FBI). It has recently become clear that consciously interpreting a fake body as one's own in a top-down manner influences these body illusions. Furthermore, a study interestingly found that the influence of top-down interpretation was moderated by the degree of depersonalization, which was a symptom of a lack of sense of body ownership. In a case study on depersonalization, the top-down interpretation of one's body was suggested to be a negative physical state that made it difficult to feel a sense of body ownership. However, this has not been examined. We examined the influence of negative top-down interpretation using an FBI procedure. A fake body was instructed to be viewed as a negative self-body ("view the virtual body's back while regarding the virtual body as your own experiencing abdominal pain"). To examine the influence of a negative top-down interpretation, participants were instructed to interpret the body as their own (neutral self-body) as a control condition. We used skin conductance responses to a fearful stimulus presented after an illusion procedure to measure the degree of FBI experienced. Results indicated a significant difference in the skin conductance response between the synchronous and asynchronous presentation of visual-tactile stimuli in the control condition, which confirmed the occurrence of the illusion. However, the occurrence of the illusion was not confirmed when the participants were instructed to interpret the virtual body as their own in a negative physical state, and the degree of FBI was smaller than the control condition. Our finding that an FBI was inhibited by manipulation of the top-down interpretation suggested that it could be a factor that inhibited the creation of a sense of body ownership.

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Article Details

Title:
The manipulation of top-down interpretation as one's symptomatic body reduces the sense of body ownership.

Author(s):
Yamamoto K; Nakao T

Summary:
This study looked at how people feel about their bodies using a fake body trick. They found that when people thought about the fake body in a negative way, like feeling pain, it made it harder for them to feel like the fake body was their own. This shows that how we think about our bodies can change how we feel about them.

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pubmed id: 39764081 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

Companies have to undergo many change processes to succeed in the transforming economy. However, many change processes fail because employees are insufficiently accompanied through the process in a targeted manner. This study of N = 427 employees from a steel industry company undergoing a transformation process examines whether the organizational readiness for change (ORC) of highly affected employees can be classified into profiles, how these profiles can be predicted by various antecedents, and whether outcome variables such as job satisfaction can be explained by profile membership. Based on five facets of ORC (i.e., individual valence and positive affect), a total of six ORC profiles were identified: , , , , and . Employees' optimism and the degree of perceived interpersonal and informational fairness can predict profile membership. It was shown that profiles significantly differ in relevant outcome variables satisfaction and intention to leave. These results contribute to the basic understanding of ORC and provide an initial approach for improving ORC profiles which could increase the success rate of change processes in companies.

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Title:
A typology of organizational readiness for change based on a latent profile analysis.

Author(s):
Köhler A; Ritter M; Kauffeld S

Summary:
This study looked at how workers in a steel company feel about changes at work. It found six different groups of feelings, and these feelings affect how happy they are at their job. Things like fairness and optimism can tell which group someone belongs to, and understanding this can help companies make changes more successfully.

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pubmed id: 39764079 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

This study explores the influence of religious beliefs on environmental attitudes and behaviors in China. Using data from the 2021 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), two structural equation models were constructed to examine the mediating roles of natural empathy and anthropocentrism in the relationship between environmental awareness and willingness to make sacrifices for environmental protection. The results indicated that while environmental awareness positively influenced willingness to sacrifice, natural empathy did not significantly mediate this relationship. Conversely, anthropocentrism negatively mediated the relationship, suggesting that individuals with anthropocentric tendencies were less willing to make personal sacrifices for environmental protection. Furthermore, a multi-group analysis revealed that individuals with traditional Eastern religious beliefs (Buddhism, Taoism, and folklore) exhibited higher environmental awareness and willingness to sacrifice compared to those with no religion or traditional Western (Christianity) religious beliefs. These findings highlight the influence of religious traditions, particularly the emphasis on nature reverence in Eastern religions, on shaping pro-environmental attitudes and behaviors. The study contributes to understanding the complex interplay between religious beliefs, environmental values, and sustainable behaviors in the Chinese context.

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Title:
The environmental impact of religious beliefs in the East and West: evidence from China.

Author(s):
Yang J; Lu C

Summary:
This study looked at how religious beliefs affect people's thoughts and actions about the environment in China. It found that people with Eastern religious beliefs, like Buddhism and Taoism, care more about the environment and are more willing to help protect it than people with no religion or Western religious beliefs. The study showed that how people view their connection to nature can influence how much they try to help the environment.

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pubmed id: 39764077 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

This study investigates the impact of active learning instruction on the motivational orientation of pre-service language teachers. The data were collected by using the AGQ-R and the StRIP questionnaire, and analyzed through repeated measures of MANOVAs and correlation coefficient. Pre-service language teachers reported a higher approach goal orientation emphasizing the desire to succeed rather than avoidance goal orientation, i.e., the fear of failure. In terms of classroom practices, the participants report having experienced all types of instruction (passive, active, interactive and constructive) in the language education program. Although the pre-service teachers' perception of instruction as passive is preponderant in this study, it does not necessarily point to a higher use of traditional passive lecture and note taking practices. Regardless of the perceived instruction type, the participants' motivation and engagement remain high, as they report high cognitive and emotional engagement, as well as very high participation and low distraction levels. Regarding correlations, motivation, engagement and active instruction are all highly correlated with each other, as highly motivated and engaged individuals tend to benefit more from active instruction than less motivated students, who chiefly rely on passive instruction for academic success. The results of the study may indicate an emergent need for a careful balance between various teaching strategies and approaches in language education programs in particular, and possibly at tertiary level pedagogy in general.

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Title:
Motivational orientation and perception of active learning instruction by pre-service language teachers.

Author(s):
Halimi F; Tryzna M; Brunstein A

Summary:
The study looked at how active learning affects future language teachers' motivation. It found that these teachers want to succeed more than they fear failing and are very motivated and engaged in class. The study suggests that mixing different teaching styles might be important for learning language well.

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pubmed id: 39764071 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

Maintaining consistent item difficulty across test forms is crucial for accurately and fairly classifying examinees into pass or fail categories. This article presents a practical procedure for classifying items based on difficulty levels using functional data analysis (FDA). Methodologically, we clustered item characteristic curves (ICCs) into difficulty groups by analyzing their functional principal components (FPCs) and then employed a neural network to predict difficulty for ICCs. Given the degree of similarity between many ICCs, categorizing items by difficulty can be challenging. The strength of this method lies in its ability to provide an empirical and consistent process for item classification, as opposed to relying solely on visual inspection. The findings reveal that most discrepancies between visual classification and FDA results differed by only one adjacent difficulty level. Approximately 67% of these discrepancies involved items in the medium to hard range being categorized into higher difficulty levels by FDA, while the remaining third involved to items being classified into lower levels. The neural network, trained on these data, achieved an accuracy of 79.6%, with misclassifications also differing by only one adjacent difficulty level compared to FDA clustering. The method demonstrates an efficient and practical procedure for classifying test items, especially beneficial in testing programs where smaller volumes of examinees tested at various times throughout the year.

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Article Details

Title:
Item Classification by Difficulty Using Functional Principal Component Clustering and Neural Networks.

Author(s):
Zoucha J; Himelfarb I; Tang NE

Summary:
The study talks about a new way to sort test questions by how hard they are. They used computers to group questions into easy, medium, and hard, and found that this way works better than just guessing by looking. They also used a computer program that guessed correctly about 80% of the time.

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pubmed id: 39759539 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

Multidimensional Item Response Theory (MIRT) is applied routinely in developing educational and psychological assessment tools, for instance, for exploring multidimensional structures of items using exploratory MIRT. A critical decision in exploratory MIRT analyses is the number of factors to retain. Unfortunately, the comparative properties of statistical methods and innovative Machine Learning (ML) methods for factor retention in exploratory MIRT analyses are still not clear. This study aims to fill this gap by comparing a selection of statistical and ML methods, including Kaiser Criterion (KC), Empirical Kaiser Criterion (EKC), Parallel Analysis (PA), scree plot (OC and AF), Very Simple Structure (VSS; C1 and C2), Minimum Average Partial (MAP), Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA), Random Forest (RF), Histogram-based Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (HistGBDT), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The comparison was performed using 720,000 dichotomous response data sets simulated by the MIRT, for various between-item and within-item structures and considering characteristics of large-scale assessments. The results show that MAP, RF, HistGBDT, XGBoost, and ANN tremendously outperform other methods. Among them, HistGBDT generally performs better than other methods. Furthermore, including statistical methods' results as training features improves ML methods' performance. The methods' correct-factoring proportions decrease with an increase in missingness or a decrease in sample size. KC, PA, EKC, and scree plot (OC) are over-factoring, while EGA, scree plot (AF), and VSS (C1) are under-factoring. We recommend that practitioners use both MAP and HistGBDT to determine the number of factors when applying exploratory MIRT.

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Title:
Factor Retention in Exploratory Multidimensional Item Response Theory.

Author(s):
Chen C; D'hondt R; Vens C; Van den Noortgate W

Summary:
Scientists studied different ways to decide how many things to look at when figuring out tests for school and psychology. They found that some newer computer methods worked better than older ones, especially one called HistGBDT. They suggest using both an older method called MAP and HistGBDT together for the best results.

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pubmed id: 39759538 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

This study examines the performance of ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI and widely used as an AI-based conversational tool, as a data analysis tool through exploratory factor analysis (EFA). To this end, simulated data were generated under various data conditions, including normal distribution, response category, sample size, test length, factor loading, and measurement models. The generated data were analyzed using ChatGPT-4o twice with a 1-week interval under the same prompt, and the results were compared with those obtained using R code. In data analysis, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value, total variance explained, and the number of factors estimated using the empirical Kaiser criterion, Hull method, and Kaiser-Guttman criterion, as well as factor loadings, were calculated. The findings obtained from ChatGPT at two different times were found to be consistent with those obtained using R. Overall, ChatGPT demonstrated good performance for steps that require only computational decisions without involving researcher judgment or theoretical evaluation (such as KMO, total variance explained, and factor loadings). However, for multidimensional structures, although the estimated number of factors was consistent across analyses, biases were observed, suggesting that researchers should exercise caution in such decisions.

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Title:
Examination of ChatGPT's Performance as a Data Analysis Tool.

Author(s):
Koçak D

Summary:
This study looked at how well ChatGPT can help with data analysis. The researchers found that ChatGPT did a good job with many tasks, like checking how much of the data could be explained. However, in some complex parts, like deciding the number of factors, it didn't always match up perfectly with other methods.

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pubmed id: 39759537 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

Real-world decisions often involve partial ambiguity, where the complete picture of potential risks is unclear. In such situations, individuals must make choices by balancing the value of available information against the uncertainty of unknown risks. Our study investigates this challenge by examining how people navigate the trade-off between the favorability of limited evidence and the degree of ambiguity when making decisions under partial ambiguity. Participants ( = 77) engaged in a task where the level of ambiguity (small, medium, and large) and the favorability of the evidence (asymmetrically positive, neutral, and asymmetrically negative) were manipulated in a 3 × 3 design. We measured their attitude of ambiguity in each condition. The key finding reveals a bias in how participants perceived the unknown. They reacted to the unknown differently depending on the initial clues, filling in the missing information in a way that contradicted the evidence. When faced with positive evidence, participants were less tolerant of ambiguity than negative evidence. This means people were more careful when they received good news but less cautious when they received bad news. This bias was particularly pronounced when the ambiguity was low.

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Article Details

Title:
Uncertain choices with asymmetric information: how clear evidence and ambiguity interact?

Author(s):
Tehrani-Safa AH; Sarabi-Jamab A; Vahabie AH; Araabi BN

Summary:
The study looks at how people make decisions when they don't have all the information and things are unclear. Researchers found that people responded differently to unknown things based on what they first learned. They were more cautious when the news was good and less careful when the news was bad, especially when there wasn't much unknown.

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pubmed id: 39759413 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of math anxiety in Russian and Chinese schoolchildren across genders and ages. The Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS) was used as a measurement tool for assessing math anxiety. The factor structure of the AMAS and item invariance between Russian and Chinese schoolchildren were also examined. A total of 4,292 Russian (54% girls,  = 13.7, SD = 1.21) and 3,410 Chinese (48% girls,  = 12.7, SD = 1.21, Me = 13.0) schoolchildren participated in the study. The bi-factor model of the AMAS fits provided the best fit for the data in both countries. AMAS items demonstrated invariance between the two groups. Overall, Russian schoolchildren demonstrated higher math anxiety across all ages and math anxiety subscales, except at ages 14-15, where Chinese schoolchildren reported higher learning-related math anxiety. Among Chinese schoolchildren, both learning and evaluation math anxiety increased with age. Conversely, for Russian schoolchildren, math evaluation anxiety increased, while learning math anxiety decreased with age. Gender differences were observed in both countries, with the onset of gender-related differences appearing earlier in Chinese schoolchildren.

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Title:
Psychometric properties of AMAS and math anxiety prevalence among Chinese and Russian schoolchildren: a comparative study.

Author(s):
Linna D; Xinghua W; Haiying Y; Pavlova A; Ismatullina V; Malykh A; Kolyasnikov P; Malykh S

Summary:
This study looked at how math anxiety affects kids in Russia and China, checking for differences in age and gender. Russian schoolchildren generally had more math anxiety except for some ages where Chinese kids had more. In both countries, boys and girls showed differences in math anxiety, with these differences starting earlier in Chinese schoolchildren.

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pubmed id: 39759411 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

The cerebellum plays a crucial role in functions, including sensory-motor coordination, cognition, and emotional processing. Compared to the neocortex, the human cerebellum exhibits a protracted developmental trajectory. This delayed developmental timeline may lead to increased sensitivity of the cerebellum to external influences, potentially extending the vulnerability period for neurological disorders. Abnormal cerebellar development in individuals with autism has been confirmed, and these atypical cerebellar changes may affect the development of the neocortex. However, due to the heterogeneity of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the regional changes in the cerebellum and cerebellocerebral structural relationship remain unknown. To address these issues, we utilized imaging methods optimized for the cerebellum and cerebrum on 817 individuals aged 5-18 years in the ABIDE II dataset. After FDR correction, significant differences between groups were found in the right crus II/VIIB and vermis VI-VII. Structural covariance analysis revealed enhanced structural covariance in individuals with autism between the cerebellum and parahippocampal gyrus, pars opercularis, and transverse temporal gyrus in the right hemisphere after FDR correction. Furthermore, the structural covariance between the cerebellum and some regions of the cerebrum varied across sexes. A significant increase in structural covariance between the cerebellum and specific subcortical structures was also observed in individuals with ASD. Our study found atypical patterns in the structural covariance between the cerebellum and cerebrum in individuals with autism, which suggested that the underlying pathological processes of ASD might concurrently affect these brain regions. This study provided insight into the potential of cerebellocerebral pathways as therapeutic targets for ASD.

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Title:
Abnormalities in cerebellar subregions' volume and cerebellocerebral structural covariance in autism spectrum disorder.

Author(s):
Wang Y; Cao A; Wang J; Bai H; Liu T; Sun C; Li Z; Tang Y; Xu F; Liu S

Summary:
The study looked at how the brain's cerebellum develops and changes in people with autism. It found that certain parts of the brain in people with autism are different, which might help understand autism better and find new ways to help.

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pubmed id: 39749789 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

High mental health risks and life imbalance among postdoctoral fellows (postdocs) are persistent concerns in academia. However, little is known about the relationship between these two subjects and whether autonomy at work is linked to life balance among postdocs. Online survey responses from 117 postdocs (59% women; 49% non-Hispanic white) were assessed using multiple linear regression analysis to examine whether the work-method autonomy and perceived boundary control of postdocs were linked to life balance. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was used to examine whether postdocs who reported better life balance had lower risks of reporting mood disorder symptoms. We found that 39%, 27%, and 45% of postdocs reported anxiety, depressive, and anxiety-or-depressive disorder symptoms, respectively. Both work-method autonomy and perceived boundary control were positively associated with life balance [ = 0.40, 95% CI = [0.20-0.60]; = 0.50, 95% CI = [0.32-0.67], respectively]. Postdocs with greater life balance had decreased odds of reporting mood disorder symptoms [anxiety disorder symptoms: adjusted OR = 0.55, 95% CI = (0.37-0.82); depressive disorder symptoms: adjusted OR = 0.31, 95% CI = (0.18-0.55); anxiety-or-depressive disorder symptoms: adjusted OR = 0.42, 95% CI = (0.27-0.65)]. Postdocs' mental health appeared to be influenced by life balance, which may be enhanced by providing work-method autonomy and increasing perceived boundary control.

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Article Details

Title:
Examining the associations between mental health, life balance, work-method autonomy, and perceived boundary control among postdoctoral fellows.

Author(s):
Lo BK; Park IY; Choung D; McTernan M; Sibley E; Davison KK

Summary:
Many postdoctoral fellows have high mental health risks and don’t have a good life balance. The study found that having more control over their work and boundaries can help improve their life balance and reduce their chances of having anxiety or depression.

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pubmed id: 39749278 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to pilot an adapted version of an online relationships program with residents in treatment for alcohol and other drugs (AOD). The OurRelationship (OR) Program, which is based on Integrative Behavioral Couples Therapy, was piloted in a group-based format to determine whether residents' participation in the program would result in decreases in residents' destructive responses and increases in constructive responses to relationship conflict scenarios as well as reductions in negative affect experienced during these conflict scenarios. Residents ( = 104) across six residential facilities participated in the pilot over 4 weeks. Pre and post program completion, residents read three vignettes in which they were asked to imagine themselves as experiencing each of the three relationship conflicts with a romantic partner. After reading each vignette, residents completed assessments related to their constructive and destructive behavioral responses to each vignette as well as the degree to which they experienced negative affect. Pre-post comparisons across the three vignettes revealed residents reported reductions in destructive behavioral responses and anger (s -0.31 to -0.58) as well as increases in constructive responses (s 0.33-0.77). The findings provide preliminary evidence regarding the application of programs to address the relationship difficulties experienced by those in AOD treatment. Future research into control trials of the OR program within the AOD sector can help to establish the effectiveness of relationship programs in helping to address the relationship problems of this vulnerable population.

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Title:
A group version of the OurRelationship program within residential substance use treatment: preliminary evidence for improving responses to romantic relationship conflict for those dealing with substance misuse.

Author(s):
Karantzas GC; Staiger PK; Romano DA; Curtis A; Bruscella C; Miller PG; Gruenert S; Toumbourou JW; Doss BD; Christensen A

Summary:
The study tried out a special program to help people in treatment for alcohol and other drugs do better in relationships. After using the program, people showed less anger and negative behavior and more positive behavior in relationship conflicts. This shows the program might help improve relationships for people in treatment, but more research is needed.

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pubmed id: 39749277 Indexed on February 9th, 2025

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